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    Model D18S Twin Beech for Microsoft Flight Simulator 98
    """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
    Aircraft and Flight Model by Shlomo ("Slo Mo") Hakim, Tel Aviv, Israel
    -- hakimltd@internet-zahav.net
    Panel by Michael Tscherdantzew Jr., Canoas, Brazil
    -- michelt@portoweb.com.br
    Research and Notes by David Sakrison, Ripon, Wisconsin USA
    -- Sakrison@aol.com
    
    Thanks to the staff of the Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) USA, for
    their kind assistance and to ESSCO of Akron, Ohio USA for reprints of the
    D18S Flight Manual, and to Dick Gleason of Austin, Minnesota USA for
    scale drawings.
    *********************************************************************
    Copyright 1998, Shlomo Hakim  E-mail: hakimltd@internet-zahav.net
    This is FREEWARE. These files are strictly for your own personal,
    non-commercial use. Redistribution, is allowed only on a non-commercial
    basis.
    
    Reselling of these files, in any form, is expressly prohibited, without
    my written permission.
    
    If you wish to commercially resell these files in any form you
    may contact the internet address of the respective author at the top
    of this note, to discuss appropriate fees for the redistribution rights.
    **********************************************************************
    Repainting or any other type of modification to the files included
    in this package, without an express, written permission of the authors,
    is strictly forbidden!!!
    **********************************************************************
    
    About this model
    ===============
    The Beech B18 panel & aircraft project was originally conceived by David
    Sakrison, an aviation journalist, pilot and enthusiast.
    David has approached Michael Tscherdantzew an me with the idea, backed
    up by comprehesive documentation. Having a detailed, trustworhy source
    helped considerably in capturing the essence of this venerable classic.
    
    The D18's history spans for well over 50 years. Therefor it is only natural
    that subsequent panels would look quite different from the original one.
    Through careful artwork and choice of instruments, Michael Tscherdantzew
    has resolved this potential dilemma by creating 2 splendid panel versions.
    These 2 options attempt to bridge the aircraft's long history.
    Including both options with the aircraft would have created a file far too large. 
    However, As the model is bearing the classic 'Beechbird' paint scheme and is aimed to
    depict the older aircraft, it was reasonable to choose the older panel version.
    Should you like to try the newer one, search this site for B_E18pan.zip.
    
    The model's flight dynamics and instrumentation were adjusted to match, as
    much as possible, the numbers on the pilot's manual (see 'operation'
    below). An easy in flight access to these figures is available through the
    built in checklist (press <ctrl>+<C>).
    
    Other features include:
    - Double beam landing lights, press <ctrl>+<L> - (made with LLADD97)
    - Transparent prop discs (thanks to alexander Remus)
    - For steering, assist with left/right braking <F11>/<F12>
    
    **installation:
    ==============
    Unzip with an unzipping program which supports long file name, otherwise, some gauges 
    will not appear!
    Place the B_D18S folder in your FS98 aircraft folder. Move the entire
    contents of the 'gauges' folder to FS98/gauges folder. For further information
    regarding the panel, read 'install.txt', in this folder.
    
    **Notes:
    ========
    Beechcraft's Model 18 Twin Beech first flew in January of 1937 and
    customer deliveries began in June of that year. When production ended
    more than 30 years later, the Twin Beech had left an indelible mark on the
    history of aviation and, especially, corporate aviation. The sturdy,
    economical, and comfortable Model 18 has served in nearly every corner
    and every climate of the world, in military, corporate, and airline service.
    Walter H. Beech and his engineering team knew at the start that they had
    created a remarkable airplane. TWA pilot Jack Thornburg test flew the
    prototype for more than 36 hours and declared it "the greatest airplane of
    its kind I had ever flown."
    During World War II, the Beech Model 18 served US and Allied forces as a 
    trainer, transport, and photo reconnaissance platform. The first
    post-warModel 18 -- the D18S -- rolled out in November 1945. In addition
    to building new D18S airplanes, Beechcraft bought back some of its
    wartime military Model 18 aircraft and rebuilt them for the civilian market.
    The D18S was in production until 1957 when it was replaced by the Beech
    "Super 18."
    When the last Super 18 rolled out in Wichita in 1969, the Model 18
    had been in continuous production longer than the venerable DC-3 and
    Beech had built more than 7,000 units. The Model 18 still serves in
    corporate and commercial flight operations all over the world.
    This Beech D18S for FS98 is a 1940 Model 18 with post-war modifications 
    converting it to a Model D18S. Powered by two 450-horsepower Pratt & Whitney Wasp 
    Jr. radial engines, the D18S offered speed, range, payload, and comfort for up 
    to nine passengers. 
    This airplane is in private livery, with the distinctive Beechcraft "bird stripe." An
    excellent and readable reference work is Larry Ball's book, The Immortal
    Twin Beech.
    
    Operation
    ========
    >From the Aircraft Flight Manual Model D18S
    Beech Aircraft Corporation - Issued 7 February 1948
    
    1. Airplane Operating Limitations
    (Mandatory under Civil Aeronautics Administration authority)
    Airspeed Limitations:
    -Never Exceed Speed 257 mph / 235 kts TIAS
    -Design Cruising Speed 205 mph / 178 kts TIAS
    -Maneuvering Speed 153 mph / 136 kts TIAS
    -Maximum Landing Gear Extended Speed 125 mph / 109 kts TIAS
    -Maximum Flaps Extended Speed 120 mph / 94 kts TIAS
    -Minimum Controllability 95 mph / 83 kts TIAS
    -Take-Off Power (Sea Level), Limit, One Minute
    			450 bhp - 36.5 in. Hg. @ 2,300 rpm
    -Maximum Continuous Power (Sea Level to 5,000 feet)
    			400 bhp -34.5 in. Hg. @ 2,200 rpm
    2. Operating Procedures:
    Take-Off
    - Cowl flaps open, Wing Flaps up, Throttle open, Brakes off
    - Do not exceed 34.6 in. Hg. at 2300 rpm (Sea Level operation)
    - Airplane should be come airborne between 84 and 90 mph / 73-78 kts.
    - Retract Landing Gear as soon as steady flight is established; 
      obtain 105 mph/ 91 kts TIAS quickly.
    			Do not exceed 34.6 in. Hg. at 2200 rpm.
    Best Climb Speed 	120 mph / 115 kts TIAS
    Cruise		Do not exceed 30 in. Hg. at 2000 rpm.
    Glide		Use Cruise rpm.
    Approach & Landing
    -Gear Down, Maximum Speed 125 mph / 109 kts TIAS
    -Flaps Down, Maximum Speed 120 mph / 105 kts TIAS
    -Use a small amount of power on approach.
    -Approach Speed, approximately 105 mph / 91 kts TIAS
    -Touchdown Speed, approximately 80 mph / 70 kts TIAS
    
    We hope you will find this model as enjoyable as it was for us to make!
    Remarks are welcomed at the above e-mails.

    E.O.F.
                                                                            
